The Nanotechnology Opportunity Report 2026: Markets

研究執行與發布：Future Markets　·　發布日期 2026-04-23　·　911 頁
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The Nanotechnology Opportunity Report 2026: Markets, Applications, Production and Companies

報告摘要

Nanotechnology has moved decisively out of the laboratory and into the industrial supply chains of the twenty-first century. Engineered nanomaterials are now embedded, often invisibly, in every major consumer, industrial, and strategic sector: lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles, advanced semiconductor nodes, lipid-nanoparticle-delivered vaccines and therapeutics, direct-air-capture systems, polymer composites, coatings, cosmetics, construction materials, and consumer electronics. What began as a research curiosity has become an enabling input to global manufacturing. The commercial reality of the sector diverges sharply from its public perception. The speculative "wonder material" narrative that dominated early-2010s press coverage has largely dissipated. In its place is a more sober, more genuinely commercial industry organised around specific end-use supply chains rather than around nanomaterials as a standalone category. Carbon nanotubes are qualified conductive additives in premium battery cells. Lipid nanoparticles are the delivery vehicle for a clinical pipeline extending far beyond COVID-era vaccines into oncology, rare disease, and gene editing. Metal-oxide photoresists are defining semiconductor patterning at the advanced node. Iridium-reduced catalysts engineered at the nanoscale are the enabling technology for commercial-scale green hydrogen production. Nitrogen-vacancy diamond quantum sensors are moving from laboratory demonstration to fielded commercial product. Four structural shifts define the current landscape. First, production has globalised and concentrated: China dominates in volume across graphene, carbon nanotubes, and most metal-oxide nanoparticles, while Japan, South Korea, Germany, and the United States retain leadership in specialty grades where performance, documentation, and strategic sourcing matter. Second, the hype-era cohort of publicly-listed nanomaterial pure-plays has largely unwound, while qualified producers embedded in customer supply chains have re-rated structurally. Third, policy and geopolitics have become first-order commercial variables: the US CHIPS Act and IRA, the EU Chips Act and Critical Raw Materials Act, and allied-country equivalents have reshaped where capacity is being built, while export controls and national-security investment screening have become routine considerations in cross-border transactions. Fourth, the regulatory environment has matured: REACH, TSCA, consumer-safety regimes, and sustainability disclosure requirements are now stable features of the landscape rather than emerging uncertainties. Challenges persist — production-cost economics at commodity grade, scalability of specialty-grade synthesis, long qualification cycles into regulated industries, and lingering public-perception concerns in consumer-facing applications. But the fundamental trajectory is one of quiet, durable adoption across industries that collectively account for the majority of global economic activity. The Nanotechnology Opportunity Report 2026: Markets, Applications, Production and Companies reflects the commercial reality of a sector that has moved from speculative promise to embedded industrial supply. Part I — the Opportunity Narrative — is a strategic framing written for investors, corporate strategy and M&A teams, policy analysts, and senior industrial buyers. It opens with the central paradox of the sector in 2026: public attention has collapsed while commercial revenue has compounded. It then develops the repositioning thesis in detail, identifying the four structural shifts that have reshaped the industry since 2020 and the three buyer screens that separate qualified producers from the hype-era cohort that has largely unwound. Five opportunity chapters examine the specific commercial domains where nanomaterials are now structurally important: AI-era advanced semiconductors, EV batteries and energy storage, lipid-nanoparticle-enabled biotech and drug delivery, climate and clean energy (hydrogen electrolysis, direct air capture, next-generation photovoltaics, water treatment), and defence, quantum, and advanced sensing. Three further chapters cover the geopolitics of nanomaterial supply under US–China decoupling, the evolved investment landscape after the public-market shakeout, and a structured 2026–2030 outlook with specific catalysts to watch. Part II — the Market Reference — provides the material-by-material commercial reference detail that subscribers rely on. Every major engineered nanomaterial category is covered: carbon-based (carbon nanofibers, fullerenes, graphene, multi-walled and single-walled carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds, graphene and carbon quantum dots), metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles (titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silver, silica, iron oxide, copper, aluminium oxide and others), two-dimensional materials beyond graphene, nanoclays, nanocellulose, and polymer nanofibers. Each chapter delivers updated narrative commentary, a 2026–2036 technology roadmap, end-use and regional market forecasts, and a comprehensive producers table flagging new entrants, consolidations, and firms now inactive. Part III covers end-use markets — electronics and semiconductors, energy storage, biotech and healthcare, climate and environment, construction, automotive, aerospace, textiles, packaging, consumer products, and defence — each with market drivers, applications, technology roadmap, forecasts, and company coverage. The result is a single reference for anyone — investor, industrial buyer, strategy professional, or policymaker — whose decisions depend on understanding where the nanomaterial industry has genuinely arrived in 2026 and where it is credibly going between now and 2036. Part I — The Opportunity Narrative The 2026 paradox: collapsed attention, compounded revenue The repositioning thesis: four structural shifts and three buyer screens Opportunity 1 — AI and advanced semiconductors (EUV metal-oxide resists, HBM thermal management, ALD precursors, 2D-material channels) Opportunity 2 — EV batteries and energy storage (SWCNT conductive additives, silicon-composite anodes, solid-state electrolytes) Opportunity 3 — Biotech and drug delivery (lipid nanoparticles, mRNA therapeutics, in-vivo CRISPR, diagnostics) Opportunity 4 — Climate and clean energy (iridium-reduced electrolyser catalysts, DAC sorbents, perovskite PV, membranes, nanocellulose) Opportunity 5 — Defence, quantum, and sensing (NV-diamond, superconducting qubits, photonic quantum, nanostructured defence sensors, energetic/stealth nanomaterials) The geopolitics of nanomaterial supply (CHIPS, IRA, EU Chips Act, China's state investment, US-China decoupling, allied supply geographies) The investment landscape (the two-cohort re-rating, VC deal-flow shift, strategic M&A patterns, the qualified-producer menu) Commercialisation reality check (what the 2015–2020 wave got wrong; five characteristics of the survivors) Outlook 2026–2030 (five catalysts: High-NA EUV ramp, SWCNT gigafactory default, LNP oncology readouts, green-H₂ at $2/kg, first 2D-material semiconductor node) Part II — Nanomaterials Carbon-based nanomaterials: carbon nanofibers; fullerenes and derivatives; graphene (GNP, CVD, GO, rGO); multi-walled carbon nanotubes; single-walled carbon nanotubes; nanodiamonds (detonation, HPHT, CVD, NV-diamond); graphene quantum dots; carbon quantum dots Metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles: titanium dioxide; zinc oxide; silver; silica; iron oxide; copper; aluminium oxide; gold; cerium oxide; cobalt oxide; antimony tin oxide; bismuth oxide; copper oxide; and specialty oxides Two-dimensional materials beyond graphene: MXenes; hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN); transition-metal dichalcogenides (MoS₂, WSe₂); phosphorene Nanoclays and halloysite Nanocellulose (CNF, CNC, bacterial, TEMPO-oxidised) Polymer nanofibers and electrospun materials Dendrimers Quantum dots (Cd-based, cadmium-free, perovskite, silicon QDs) Boron nitride nanotubes and specialty nanotubes Other nanomaterials (erbium oxide, indium oxide, molybdenum, specialty platforms) Each material chapter contains: market overview and narrative refresh · properties · synthesis methods · markets and applications · 2026–2036 technology roadmap (with figure) · three market forecast tables (end-use volume in tonnes, end-use revenue in USD millions, regional volume) · comprehensive producers table flagging new entrants, consolidations, and inactive firms Part III — End-Use Markets Electronics and semiconductors (displays, transistors and ICs, memory and storage, electronics coatings, photonics) Energy storage (batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells) Energy generation (photovoltaics, hydrogen, wind) Biotech and healthcare (drug delivery and formulation, diagnostics, medical imaging, tissue engineering, dental, antimicrobial) Climate and environment (carbon capture, water purification, air filtration, remediation) Construction and infrastructure Automotive, aerospace, and marine Textiles and apparel Packaging and food Coatings, adhesives, paints, and sealants Rubber and plastics / polymer composites Tools and manufacturing 3D printing / additive manufacturing Lubricants Cosmetics and personal care Food and agriculture Sensors Security and defence Each end-use chapter contains: market drivers · applications table by nanomaterial type · technology roadmap · 2026–2036 global market forecast · company coverage

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目錄 Table of Contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 55 1.1 The paradox 55 1.2 The repositioning thesis 56 1.2.1 Why "nano" stopped being a category 57 1.3 What changed since the 2014–2018 hype cycle 57 1.4 What buyers should look for now 58 1.5 Opportunity 1 — Nano for AI and advanced semiconductors 59 1.5.1 Demand 59 1.5.2 Where the nanomaterials sit in the stack 59 1.5.3 Commercialisation catalysts 2026–2030 61 1.5.4 Who is positioned to win 61 1.6 Opportunity 2 — Nano for EV batteries and energy storage 61 1.6.1 Demand 61 1.6.2 Conductive additives 61 1.6.3 Silicon-nanowires and silicon-composite anodes 62 1.6.4 Solid-state and adjacent opportunities 63 1.6.5 Commercialisation catalysts 2026–2030 63 1.6.6 Who is positioned to win 64 1.7 Opportunity 3 — Nano for biotech and drug delivery 64 1.7.1 Demand 64 1.7.2 The pipeline shift from vaccines to oncology and rare disease 64 1.7.3 Rare and genetic disease: the hepatic-delivery franchise 65 1.7.4 The extrahepatic frontier 65 1.7.5 Diagnostics and theranostics 66 1.7.6 Commercialisation catalysts 2026–2030 66 1.7.7 Who is positioned to win 66 1.8 Opportunity 4 — Nano for climate and clean energy 66 1.8.1 Demand 66 1.8.2 Green hydrogen and iridium-reduction catalysts 67 1.8.3 Direct air capture and point-source carbon capture 68 1.8.4 Water treatment and membranes 68 1.8.5 Next-generation photovoltaics 68 1.8.6 Grid-scale storage and sustainable materials 69 1.8.7 Commercialisation catalysts 2026–2030 69 1.8.8 Who is positioned to win 69 1.9 Opportunity 5 — Nano for defence, quantum and sensing 69 1.9.1 Demand 69 1.9.2 NV-diamond quantum sensing 70 1.9.3 Superconducting qubit systems 71 1.9.4 Single-photon and photonic quantum platforms 71 1.9.5 Nanostructured defence sensors 71 1.9.6 Energetic and stealth nanomaterials 71 1.9.7 Commercialisation catalysts 2026–2030 71 1.9.8 Who is positioned to win 72 1.10 The geopolitics of nanomaterial supply 72 1.10.1 The new framing 72 1.10.2 The capital flows 73 1.10.3 The US–China decoupling in nanomaterial supply 74 1.10.4 Alternative supply geographies 74 1.10.5 What this means for commercial strategy 75 1.10.6 The five-year outlook 75 1.11 The investment landscape 75 1.11.1 What the 2020–2025 cycle taught us 76 1.11.2 The VC deal-flow shift 76 1.11.3 M&A patterns 77 1.11.4 What to own 77 1.12 Commercialisation reality check 78 1.12.1 What the 2015–2020 wave got wrong 78 1.12.2 What separates the survivors 78 1.12.3 What this means for new entrants 79 1.13 Outlook 2026–2030 79 1.13.1 The one-sentence thesis, restated 79 1.13.2 Five things to watch 80 1.13.3 Where to hunt, where to hedge 81 2 INTRODUCTION 82 2.1 Defining Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials 82 2.1.1 Properties and advantages of nanomaterials 82 2.2 Types and Classifications of Nanomaterials 83 2.3 Production, manufacturing and demand for engineered nanomaterials 84 2.3.1 Synthesis & production 85 2.4 Environmental emissions of nanomaterials 86 2.4.1 Emissions and exposures of nanomaterials 87 2.4.2 Life cycle assessment 90 2.4.3 Nanomaterials for Carbon Capture and Utilization 99 2.5 Nanofabrication 102 2.5.1 Bottom-up Fabrication 102 2.5.2 Top-down Fabrication 102 2.5.3 Molecular Self-Assembly 103 2.5.4 Nanolithography 103 2.5.5 Electron Beam Lithography 104 2.5.6 Atomic Layer Deposition 105 2.6 Nanoelectronics 106 2.6.1 Nanoscale Transistors 106 2.6.2 Molecular Electronics 107 2.6.3 Quantum Computing Components 107 2.6.4 Nanoprocessors 108 2.6.5 Nanoscale Memory Devices 108 2.6.6 Spintronics 109 2.7 Nanobiotechnology 110 2.7.1 Nanomedicine 111 2.7.2 Drug Delivery Systems 111 2.7.3 Biosensors 112 2.7.4 Tissue Engineering 112 2.7.5 Molecular Imaging 113 2.7.6 Genetic Engineering Tools 114 2.8 Nanochemistry 115 2.8.1 Catalysis 115 2.8.2 Molecular Recognition 116 2.8.3 Nanoscale Chemical Reactions 117 2.8.4 Precision Chemical Synthesis 117 2.8.5 Nanocatalysts (300 words): 118 2.8.6 Molecular Imprinting 119 2.9 Nanophotonics 120 2.9.1 Metamaterials 120 2.9.2 Plasmonic Devices 121 2.9.3 Nanoscale Optical Circuits 121 2.9.4 Quantum Optical Technologies 122 2.9.5 Light-Matter Interactions 122 2.9.6 Nano-Optics 123 2.10 Environmental Nanotechnology 124 2.10.1 Water Purification 124 2.10.2 Pollution Detection 125 2.10.3 Environmental Remediation 126 2.10.4 Renewable Energy Technologies 127 2.10.5 Carbon Capture 127 2.10.6 Sustainable Materials 128 2.11 Market challenges 129 2.12 Future Outlook 129 3 THE GLOBAL NANOMATERIALS MARKET 131 3.1 CARBON-BASED NANOMATERIALS 131 3.1.1 Carbon nanofibers 131 3.1.1.1 Market overview 131 3.1.1.2 Properties 132 3.1.1.3 Synthesis 132 3.1.1.4 Markets and applications 133 3.1.1.5 Technology roadmap 134 3.1.1.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 134 3.1.1.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 134 3.1.1.6.2 Revenues 135 3.1.1.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 136 3.1.1.7 Producers 136 3.1.2 Fullerenes 142 3.1.2.1 Market overview 142 3.1.2.2 Properties 142 3.1.2.3 Products 143 3.1.2.4 Markets and applications 144 3.1.2.5 Technology Roadmap 144 3.1.2.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 145 3.1.2.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 145 3.1.2.6.2 Revenues 146 3.1.2.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 147 3.1.2.7 Producers 148 3.1.3 Graphene 151 3.1.3.1 Market overview 151 3.1.3.2 Properties 152 3.1.3.3 Markets and applications 153 3.1.3.4 Technology Roadmap 161 3.1.3.5 Products 162 3.1.3.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 166 3.1.3.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 166 3.1.3.6.2 Revenues (US$) 167 3.1.3.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 168 3.1.3.7 Producers 169 3.1.4 Multi-walled carbon nanotubes 179 3.1.4.1 Market overview 179 3.1.4.2 Properties 179 3.1.4.3 Markets and applications 180 3.1.4.4 Technology Roadmap 184 3.1.4.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 184 3.1.4.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 184 3.1.4.5.2 Revenues (US$) 185 3.1.4.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 186 3.1.4.6 Producers 187 3.1.5 Nanodiamonds 194 3.1.5.1 Properties 194 3.1.5.1.1 Types 194 3.1.5.2 Markets and applications 197 3.1.5.3 Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 200 3.1.5.4 Current and projected market 2022-2036 200 3.1.5.4.1 Volume (tonnes) 200 3.1.5.4.2 Revenues (Million US$) 201 3.1.5.4.3 Region (Tonnes) 202 3.1.5.5 Producers 203 3.1.6 Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) 207 3.1.6.1 Market overview 207 3.1.6.2 Properties 207 3.1.6.3 Markets and applications 209 3.1.6.4 Technology Roadmap 211 3.1.6.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 212 3.1.6.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 212 3.1.6.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 213 3.1.6.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 214 3.1.6.6 Producers 215 3.1.7 Graphene quantum dots 217 3.1.7.1 Composition 217 3.1.7.2 Comparison to quantum dots 218 3.1.7.3 Properties 219 3.1.7.4 Synthesis 219 3.1.7.4.1 Top-down method 219 3.1.7.4.2 Bottom-up method 220 3.1.7.4.3 Comparison of synthesis methods 220 3.1.7.5 Markets and applications 222 3.1.7.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 224 3.1.7.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 224 3.1.7.6.2 Revenues (Million US$) 225 3.1.7.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 226 3.1.7.7 Producers 227 3.2 METAL AND METAL OXIDE NANOPARTICLES 229 3.2.1 Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles 229 3.2.1.1 Market overview 229 3.2.1.2 Production methods 229 3.2.1.3 Properties 230 3.2.1.4 Markets and applications 231 3.2.1.5 Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 232 3.2.1.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 232 3.2.1.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 232 3.2.1.6.2 Revenues (Million US$) 233 3.2.1.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 234 3.2.1.7 Producers 235 3.2.2 Antimony Tin Oxide (ATO) Nanoparticles 238 3.2.2.1 Market overview 238 3.2.2.2 Properties 238 3.2.2.3 Markets and applications 238 3.2.2.4 Technology Roadmap 239 3.2.2.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 240 3.2.2.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 240 3.2.2.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 240 3.2.2.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 241 3.2.2.6 Producers 242 3.2.3 Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles 244 3.2.3.1 Market overview 244 3.2.3.2 Properties 244 3.2.3.3 Markets and applications 244 3.2.3.4 Technology Roadmap 245 3.2.3.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 246 3.2.3.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 246 3.2.3.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 247 3.2.3.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 248 3.2.3.6 Producers 249 3.2.4 Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles 251 3.2.4.1 Market overview 251 3.2.4.2 Properties 252 3.2.4.3 Markets and applications 252 3.2.4.4 Technology Roadmap 253 3.2.4.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 254 3.2.4.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 254 3.2.4.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 255 3.2.4.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 256 3.2.4.6 Producers 257 3.2.5 Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles 259 3.2.5.1 Market overview 259 3.2.5.2 Properties 259 3.2.5.3 Markets and applications 259 3.2.5.4 Technology Roadmap 260 3.2.5.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 261 3.2.5.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 261 3.2.5.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 261 3.2.5.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 262 3.2.5.6 Producers 263 3.2.6 Copper Oxide Nanoparticles 264 3.2.6.1 Market overview 264 3.2.6.2 Properties 264 3.2.6.3 Markets and applications 264 3.2.6.4 Technology Roadmap 266 3.2.6.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 266 3.2.6.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 266 3.2.6.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 267 3.2.6.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 268 3.2.6.6 Producers 269 3.2.7 Gold Nanoparticles 271 3.2.7.1 Market overview 271 3.2.7.2 Properties 271 3.2.7.3 Markets and applications 271 3.2.7.4 Technology Roadmap 272 3.2.7.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 273 3.2.7.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 273 3.2.7.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 274 3.2.7.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 275 3.2.7.6 Producers 276 3.2.8 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles 279 3.2.8.1 Market overview 279 3.2.8.2 Properties 279 3.2.8.3 Markets and applications 279 3.2.8.4 Technology Roadmap 280 3.2.8.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 281 3.2.8.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 281 3.2.8.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 282 3.2.8.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 283 3.2.8.6 Producers 284 3.2.9 Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles 288 3.2.9.1 Market overview 288 3.2.9.2 Properties 288 3.2.9.3 Markets and applications 288 3.2.9.4 Technology Roadmap 289 3.2.9.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 290 3.2.9.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 290 3.2.9.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 291 3.2.9.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 291 3.2.9.6 Producers 292 3.2.10 Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles 295 3.2.10.1 Market overview 295 3.2.10.2 Properties 295 3.2.10.3 Markets and applications 295 3.2.10.4 Technology Roadmap 296 3.2.10.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 296 3.2.10.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 296 3.2.10.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 297 3.2.10.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 298 3.2.10.6 Producers 299 3.2.11 Nickel nanoparticles 300 3.2.11.1 Market overview 300 3.2.11.2 Properties 300 3.2.11.3 Markets and applications 300 3.2.11.4 Technology Roadmap 301 3.2.11.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 301 3.2.11.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 301 3.2.11.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 302 3.2.11.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 303 3.2.11.6 Producers 304 3.2.12 Silicon oxide nanoparticles 306 3.2.12.1 Market overview 306 3.2.12.2 Properties 306 3.2.12.3 Markets and applications 307 3.2.12.4 Technology Roadmap 308 3.2.12.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 308 3.2.12.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 308 3.2.12.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 309 3.2.12.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 310 3.2.12.6 Producers 311 3.2.13 Silver nanoparticles 315 3.2.13.1 Market overview 315 3.2.13.2 Properties 315 3.2.13.3 Markets and applications 316 3.2.13.4 Technology Roadmap 317 3.2.13.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 318 3.2.13.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 318 3.2.13.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 319 3.2.13.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 319 3.2.13.6 Producers 320 3.2.14 Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles 323 3.2.14.1 Market overview 323 3.2.14.2 Properties 323 3.2.14.3 Markets and applications 324 3.2.14.4 Technology Roadmap 324 3.2.14.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 325 3.2.14.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 325 3.2.14.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 326 3.2.14.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 327 3.2.14.6 Producers 328 3.2.15 Zinc oxide nanoparticles 330 3.2.15.1 Market overview 330 3.2.15.2 Properties 330 3.2.15.3 Markets and applications 331 3.2.15.4 Technology Roadmap 333 3.2.15.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 334 3.2.15.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 334 3.2.15.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 335 3.2.15.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 336 3.2.15.6 Producers 336 3.2.16 Zirconium oxide nanoparticles 339 3.2.16.1 Market overview 339 3.2.16.2 Properties 339 3.2.16.3 Markets and applications 339 3.2.16.4 Technology Roadmap 340 3.2.16.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 341 3.2.16.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 341 3.2.16.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 342 3.2.16.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 343 3.2.16.6 Producers 344 3.3 BIO-BASED NANOMATERIALS 347 3.3.1 Cellulose nanofibers 347 3.3.1.1 Market overview 347 3.3.1.2 Properties 347 3.3.1.3 Markets and applications 348 3.3.1.4 Products 350 3.3.1.5 Technology Roadmap 352 3.3.1.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 353 3.3.1.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 353 3.3.1.6.2 Revenues (Million US$) 354 3.3.1.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 355 3.3.1.7 Producers 356 3.3.2 Cellullose nanocrystals 362 3.3.2.1 Synthesis 362 3.3.2.2 Properties 365 3.3.2.3 Markets and applications 366 3.3.2.4 Technology Roadmap 367 3.3.2.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 368 3.3.2.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 368 3.3.2.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 369 3.3.2.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 370 3.3.2.6 Producers 371 3.3.3 Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) 373 3.3.3.1 Applications 375 3.3.3.2 Technology Roadmap 376 3.3.3.3 Current and projected market 2022-2036 376 3.3.3.3.1 Volume (tonnes) 376 3.3.3.3.2 Revenues (Million US$) 377 3.3.3.3.3 Region (Tonnes) 378 3.3.3.4 Producers 379 3.3.4 Lignin nanoparticles 380 3.3.4.1 Production 381 3.3.4.2 Markets and applications 381 3.3.4.3 Current and projected market 2022-2036 382 3.3.4.3.1 Volume (tonnes) 382 3.3.4.3.2 Revenues (Million US$) 383 3.3.4.3.3 Region (Tonnes) 384 3.4 OTHER TYPES 385 3.4.1 Dendrimers 385 3.4.1.1 Market overview 385 3.4.1.2 Properties 385 3.4.1.2.1 Types 386 3.4.1.3 Markets and applications 387 3.4.1.4 Technology Roadmap 388 3.4.1.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 389 3.4.1.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 389 3.4.1.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 390 3.4.1.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 390 3.4.1.6 Producers 391 3.4.2 Nanoclays 393 3.4.2.1 Market overview 393 3.4.2.2 Properties 393 3.4.2.3 Markets and applications 394 3.4.2.4 Technology Roadmap 395 3.4.2.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 395 3.4.2.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 395 3.4.2.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 396 3.4.2.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 397 3.4.2.6 Producers 398 3.4.3 Polymer nanofibers 401 3.4.3.1 Market overview 401 3.4.3.2 Properties 401 3.4.3.2.1 Types 402 3.4.3.3 Markets and applications 409 3.4.3.4 Technology Roadmap 410 3.4.3.5 Current and projected market 2022-2036 410 3.4.3.5.1 Volume (tonnes) 410 3.4.3.5.2 Revenues (Million US$) 411 3.4.3.5.3 Region (Tonnes) 412 3.4.3.6 Producers 413 3.4.4 Quantum dots 419 3.4.4.1 Market overview 419 3.4.4.2 Properties 419 3.4.4.2.1 Cadmium QDs 420 3.4.4.2.2 Cadmium-free QDs 420 3.4.4.3 Markets and applications 420 3.4.4.4 Products 422 3.4.4.5 Technology Roadmap 423 3.4.4.6 Current and projected market 2022-2036 423 3.4.4.6.1 Volume (tonnes) 423 3.4.4.6.2 Revenues (Million US$) 424 3.4.4.6.3 Region (Tonnes) 425 3.4.4.7 Producers 426 3.4.4.8 Producers 429 3.4.5 Boron Nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) 433 3.4.5.1 Properties 433 3.4.5.2 Markets and applications 434 3.4.5.3 Producers 434 3.4.6 Erbium oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders 435 3.4.6.1 Properties, applications, prices and producers 435 3.4.7 Indium oxide nanoparticles 435 3.4.7.1 Properties 435 3.4.8 Molybdenum nanoparticles 436 3.4.8.1 Properties 436 3.4.9 Perovskite quantum dots 436 3.4.9.1 Properties 437 3.4.9.1.1 Comparison to conventional quantum dots 438 3.4.9.2 Synthesis methods 438 3.4.9.3 Applications 438 4 MARKETS FOR NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NANOMATERIALS 441 4.1 ELECTRONICS AND SEMICONDUCTORS 441 4.1.1 Displays 441 4.1.1.1 Market drivers 441 4.1.1.2 Applications 443 4.1.1.3 Technology roadmap 445 4.1.1.4 Current global market and forecast, 2022-2036 445 4.1.1.5 Companies 446 4.1.2 Transistors, integrated circuit, EMI shielding and other components 452 4.1.2.1 Market drivers 452 4.1.2.2 Applications 453 4.1.2.3 Technology roadmap 454 4.1.2.4 Global market forecast 454 4.1.2.5 Product developers 455 4.1.3 Memory and storage devices 458 4.1.3.1 Market drivers 458 4.1.3.2 Applications 459 4.1.3.3 Technology roadmap 459 4.1.3.4 Global market forecast 460 4.1.3.5 Companies 461 4.1.4 Electronics coatings 462 4.1.4.1 Market drivers 462 4.1.4.2 Applications 463 4.1.4.3 Technology roadmap 464 4.1.4.4 Global market forecast 465 4.1.4.5 Companies 466 4.1.5 Photonics 468 4.1.5.1 Market drivers 468 4.1.5.2 Applications 469 4.1.5.2.1 Si photonics versus graphene 470 4.1.5.2.2 Optical modulators 471 4.1.5.2.3 Photodetectors 471 4.1.5.2.4 Plasmonics 472 4.1.5.2.5 Fiber lasers 472 4.1.5.3 Technology roadmap 472 4.1.5.4 Global market forecast 473 4.1.5.5 Companies 474 4.2 ENERGY STORAGE 476 4.2.1 BATTERIES 476 4.2.1.1 Market drivers 476 4.2.1.2 Markets and applications 477 4.2.1.2.1 Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) 478 4.2.1.2.2 Nanomaterials in Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries 482 4.2.1.2.3 Sodium-ion batteries 483 4.2.1.2.4 Lithium-air batteries 484 4.2.1.2.5 Magnesium batteries 484 4.2.1.3 Technology roadmap 485 4.2.1.4 Global market forecast 485 4.2.1.5 Companies 488 4.2.2 FUEL CELLS 499 4.2.2.1 Market drivers 499 4.2.2.2 Markets and applications 500 4.2.2.2.1 Nanostructured catalysts 501 4.2.2.2.2 Hydrogen storage 501 4.2.2.3 Technology roadmap 502 4.2.2.4 Global market forecast 503 4.2.2.5 Companies 504 4.2.3 SUPERCAPACITORS 505 4.2.3.1 Market drivers 505 4.2.3.2 Markets and applications 506 4.2.3.3 Technology roadmap 507 4.2.3.4 Global market forecast 508 4.2.3.5 Companies 509 4.3 AEROSPACE 511 4.3.1 Market drivers 512 4.3.2 Markets and applications 513 4.3.2.1 Composites 514 4.3.2.2 Coatings 516 4.3.3 Technology roadmap 518 4.3.4 Global market forecast 519 4.3.5 Product developers 519 4.4 AUTOMOTIVE 525 4.4.1 Market drivers 525 4.4.2 Markets and applications 526 4.4.2.1 Composites 527 4.4.2.2 Paints and coatings 530 4.4.2.3 Tires 532 4.4.3 Technology roadmap 533 4.4.4 Global market forecast 534 4.4.5 Product developers 537 4.5 HEALTHCARE AND LIFE SCIENCES 546 4.5.1 Medical biosensors 546 4.5.1.1 Market drivers and trends 546 4.5.1.2 Applications 547 4.5.1.3 Technology roadmap 549 4.5.1.4 Global market forecast 549 4.5.1.5 Product developers 550 4.5.2 Drug formulation and delivery 552 4.5.2.1 Market drivers 552 4.5.2.2 Applications 553 4.5.2.2.1 Products 558 4.5.2.3 Technology roadmap 562 4.5.2.4 Global market forecast 563 4.5.2.5 Product developers 563 4.5.3 Medical imaging and diagnostics 571 4.5.3.1 Market drivers 571 4.5.3.2 Applications 572 4.5.3.2.1 Contrast agents for MRI, CT, and ultrasound imaging 574 4.5.3.2.2 Targeted imaging and early disease detection 575 4.5.3.2.3 Advanced X-ray and PET detectors 575 4.5.3.3 Technology roadmap 575 4.5.3.4 Current global market and forecast, 2022-2036 576 4.5.3.5 Product developers 577 4.5.4 Medical coatings and films 582 4.5.4.1 Market drivers 582 4.5.4.2 Applications 583 4.5.4.2.1 Nanostructured coatings for improved biocompatibility 587 4.5.4.2.2 Nanofiber scaffolds for tissue engineering and wound healing 587 4.5.4.2.3 Nanomaterial-based drug delivery coatings 587 4.5.4.2.4 Nanocomposite coatings 587 4.5.4.2.5 Nanostructured films for advanced wound dressings and skin grafts 587 4.5.4.3 Technology roadmap 588 4.5.4.4 Global market forecast 588 4.5.4.5 Product developers 589 4.5.5 Medical implants 593 4.5.5.1 Market drivers 593 4.5.5.2 Applications 594 4.5.5.3 Technology roadmap 596 4.5.5.4 Global market forecast 596 4.5.5.5 Product developers 597 4.5.6 Wound care 599 4.5.6.1 Market drivers 599 4.5.6.2 Applications 600 4.5.6.3 Products 601 4.5.6.4 Technology roadmap 601 4.5.6.5 Current global market and forecast, 2022-2036 601 4.5.6.6 Product developers 602 4.5.7 Dental 604 4.5.7.1 Market drivers 604 4.5.7.2 Applications 604 4.5.7.3 Technology roadmap 605 4.5.7.4 Global market forecast 605 4.5.7.5 Product developers 606 4.6 COATINGS 607 4.6.1 Market drivers 607 4.6.2 Markets and applications 609 4.6.3 Technology roadmap 614 4.6.4 Global market forecast 614 4.6.5 Product developers 615 4.6.5.1 Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings 615 4.6.5.2 Anti-bacterial nanocoatings 618 4.6.5.3 Anti-corrosion nanocoatings 620 4.6.5.4 Abrasion and wear resistant nanocoatings 622 4.6.5.5 Barrier nanocoatings 624 4.6.5.6 Anti-fogging nanocoatings 625 4.6.5.7 Anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings 627 4.6.5.8 Self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings 628 4.6.5.9 Self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings 629 4.6.5.10 UV-resistant nanocoatings 631 4.6.5.11 Thermal barrier and flame retardant nanocoatings 632 4.6.5.12 Anti-icing and de-icing nanocoatings 632 4.6.5.13 Anti-reflective nanocoatings 634 4.6.5.14 Self-healing nanocoatings 636 4.7 COMPOSITES 637 4.7.1 Market drivers 637 4.7.2 Markets and applications 639 4.7.2.1 Ultra-strong, lightweight composites 643 4.7.2.2 Thermal management 643 4.7.2.3 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding 644 4.7.2.4 Flame retardants 644 4.7.2.5 Sustainable composite materials 645 4.7.3 Technology roadmap 645 4.7.3.1 Global market forecast 650 4.7.4 Product developers 651 4.8 CONDUCTIVE INKS 659 4.8.1 Market drivers 660 4.8.2 Markets and applications 661 4.8.2.1 Silver nanoparticles 662 4.8.2.2 Carbon nanotubes and graphene 663 4.8.2.3 Copper nanoparticles 663 4.8.3 Technology roadmap 666 4.8.4 Global market forecast 666 4.8.5 Product developers 667 4.9 CONSTRUCTION AND INFRASTRUCTURE 670 4.9.1 Market drivers 670 4.9.2 Markets and applications 671 4.9.2.1 Insulation and thermal management 671 4.9.2.1.1 Companies 672 4.9.2.2 Exterior coatings (protective, wood and glass) 673 4.9.2.2.1 Companies 674 4.9.2.3 Smart windows and glass products 677 4.9.2.3.1 Product developers 678 4.9.2.4 VOC mitigation and air filtration 679 4.9.2.4.1 Companies 680 4.9.2.5 Concrete and cement 680 4.9.2.6 Self-healing construction materials 682 4.9.2.6.1 Companies 683 4.9.2.7 Asphalt and bitumen 684 4.9.3 Technology roadmap 685 4.9.4 Global market forecast 686 4.9.5 Companies 687 4.10 COSMETICS AND PERSONAL CARE 695 4.10.1 Market drivers 695 4.10.2 Markets and applications 697 4.10.2.1 Products 699 4.10.2.2 Nanoencapsulation for controlled release 703 4.10.2.3 Nanoparticles for UV protection in sunscreens 703 4.10.2.4 Nanoemulsions 704 4.10.2.5 Anti-aging and skin regeneration products 704 4.10.3 Technology roadmap 705 4.10.4 Global market forecast 705 4.10.5 Companies 706 4.11 ENVIRONMENTAL 711 4.11.1 Market drivers 711 4.11.2 Applications 713 4.11.2.1 Nanomaterials for water purification 714 4.11.2.2 Airborne filters 715 4.11.2.3 Nanosensors for environmental monitoring and pollution detection 717 4.11.2.4 Soil remediation and contaminant removal 717 4.11.2.5 Catalysis and Green Chemistry 718 4.11.3 Technology roadmap 718 4.11.4 Global market forecast 719 4.11.5 Product developers 720 4.12 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 725 4.12.1 Market drivers 725 4.12.2 Markets and applications 726 4.12.2.1 Food packaging 726 4.12.2.2 Coatings 729 4.12.2.3 Nanosensors for Food Safety and Quality Control 731 4.12.2.4 Additives in food additives and supplements 731 4.12.2.5 Agricultural production 731 4.12.2.5.1 Nanofertilizers 732 4.12.2.5.2 Nanopesticides 733 4.12.3 Technology roadmap 734 4.12.4 Global market forecast 735 4.12.5 Product developers 735 4.13 HOUSEHOLD CARE AND SANITARY 739 4.13.1 Market drivers 739 4.13.2 Markets and applications 740 4.13.2.1 Anti-microbial coatings 740 4.13.2.2 Self-cleaning & easy clean coatings 741 4.13.2.3 Photocatalytic coatings 741 4.13.2.4 Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings 742 4.13.3 Technology roadmap 742 4.13.4 Global market forecast 743 4.13.5 Product developers 744 4.14 LUBRICANTS 748 4.14.1 Market drivers 748 4.14.2 Markets and applications 748 4.14.3 Technology roadmap 750 4.14.4 Global market forecast 751 4.14.5 Product developers 752 4.15 MARINE 754 4.15.1 Market drivers 754 4.15.2 Markets and applications 755 4.15.3 Technology roadmap 756 4.15.4 Global market forecast 757 4.15.5 Product developers 757 4.16 OIL, GAS AND MINIING 760 4.16.1 Market drivers 760 4.16.2 Markets and applications 762 4.16.2.1 Sensing and reservoir management 762 4.16.2.2 Coatings 762 4.16.2.3 Drilling fluids 763 4.16.2.4 Nanostructured catalysts 764 4.16.2.5 Sorbent materials 765 4.16.2.6 Filtration and separation 765 4.16.3 Technology roadmap 765 4.16.4 Global market forecast 766 4.16.5 Product developers 767 4.17 PLASTICS AND PACKAGING 770 4.17.1 Market drivers 770 4.17.2 Markets and applications 772 4.17.3 Technology roadmap 773 4.17.4 Global market forecast 774 4.17.5 Companies 775 4.18 RUBBER 778 4.18.1 Market drivers 778 4.18.2 Markets and applications 778 4.18.2.1 Nanofillers 779 4.18.2.2 Nanoclays for enhanced barrier properties and reduced gas permeability 779 4.18.2.3 Nanocomposites for improved wear resistance and durability 780 4.18.2.4 Nanomaterials for self-healing and smart rubber materials 780 4.18.3 Technology roadmap 780 4.18.4 Global market forecast 782 4.18.5 Product developers 782 4.19 SECURITY AND DEFENCE 784 4.19.1 Market drivers 784 4.19.2 Markets and applications 785 4.19.2.1 Military textiles 785 4.19.2.2 Military equipment 786 4.19.2.3 Anti-counterfeiting 787 4.19.2.4 Sensors and detection 787 4.19.2.5 Ballistic protection 789 4.19.3 Technology roadmap 789 4.19.4 Global market forecast 789 4.19.5 Product developers 790 4.20 SENSORS 794 4.20.1 Market drivers 794 4.20.2 Markets and applications 795 4.20.2.1 Gas sensors 796 4.20.2.2 Strain sensors 797 4.20.2.3 Biosensors 798 4.20.2.4 Food sensors 799 4.20.2.5 Image sensors 800 4.20.2.6 Infrared (IR) sensors 800 4.20.2.7 Optical sensors 800 4.20.2.8 Pressure sensors 801 4.20.2.9 Humidity sensors 801 4.20.2.10 Acoustic sensors 801 4.20.2.11 Wireless sensors 802 4.20.3 Technology roadmap 802 4.20.4 Global market forecast 802 4.20.5 Product developers 803 4.21 PHOTOVOLTAICS 808 4.21.1 Market drivers 808 4.21.2 Markets and applications 809 4.21.2.1 Nanostructured solar cells (e.g., quantum dot, perovskite) 810 4.21.2.2 Solar water splitting 812 4.21.2.3 Solar coatings 813 4.21.2.4 Transparent, conductive electrodes in solar cells 814 4.21.3 Technology roadmap 814 4.21.4 Global market forecast 814 4.21.5 Product developers 815 4.22 TEXTILES & APPAREL 819 4.22.1 Market drivers 819 4.22.2 Markets and applications 822 4.22.2.1 Protective textiles 823 4.22.2.2 Electronic textiles 823 4.22.3 Technology roadmap 827 4.22.4 Global market forecast 828 4.22.5 Product developers 829 4.23 TOOLS & MANUFACTURING 834 4.23.1 Market drivers 834 4.23.2 Markets and applications 835 4.23.2.1 Nanostructured coatings for improved durability and performance of cutting tools and drills 835 4.23.2.2 Nanocomposites for parts and components 836 4.23.2.3 Nanostructured ceramics for high-temperature and high-pressure applications 836 4.23.2.4 Nanolubricants 836 4.23.2.5 Nanosensors for real-time monitoring and control 837 4.23.2.6 Nanostructured catalysts for more efficient and sustainable chemical manufacturing processes 837 4.23.3 Technology roadmap 837 4.23.4 Global market forecast 838 4.23.5 Product developers 839 4.24 3D PRINTING/ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 842 4.24.1 Markets and applications 842 4.24.1.1 Nanomaterial-based filaments and resins 843 4.24.1.2 Conductive and heat-resistant 3D printing materials 843 4.24.1.3 Nanoparticle-based inks for high-resolution, multi-material 3D printing 843 4.24.1.4 Nanocomposites for 3D printing 844 4.24.1.5 Nanoceramic materials 844 4.24.1.6 Nanostructured materials for 4D printing 844 4.24.2 Technology roadmap 844 4.24.3 Global market forecast 845 4.24.4 Product developers 847 4.25 ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS 848 4.25.1 Market drivers 848 4.25.2 Markets and applications 849 4.25.2.1 Properties 849 4.25.2.2 End user markets 850 4.25.2.3 Nanomaterials in adhesives 850 4.25.3 Technology Roadmap 852 4.25.4 Global market forecast 853 4.25.5 Product developers 855 4.26 OTHER MARKETS 857 4.26.1 CATALYSTS 857 4.26.1.1 Markets and applications 857 4.26.1.2 Product developers 858 4.26.2 WIRE AND CABLE 858 4.26.2.1 Markets and applications 858 4.26.2.1.1 Composites 858 4.26.2.1.2 Coatings 858 4.26.2.2 Product developers 859 4.26.3 SPORTING GOODS 860 4.26.3.1 Markets and applications 860 4.26.3.1.1 Composites 860 4.26.3.1.2 Coatings 860 4.26.3.2 Product developers 860 4.26.4 WIND ENERGY 861 4.26.4.1 Market drivers 861 4.26.4.2 Markets and applications 862 4.26.4.4 Product developers 863 4.26.5 THERMOELECTRICS 863 4.26.5.1 Market drivers 863 4.26.5.2 Markets and applications 864 4.26.5.3 Product developers 865 5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 866 6 REFERENCES 868

圖表清單 List of Tables & Figures

LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Categorization of engineered nanomaterials. 83 Table 2. Nanomanufacturing. 86 Table 3. Occupational exposure limits associated with nanomaterials. 90 Table 4. Life cycle assessment studies on nanomaterials. 91 Table 5. Nanomaterials utilized in carbon capture and utilization-advanatages & disadvantages. 99 Table 6. CO2 capture performance of nanomaterials sorbents. 101 Table 7. Nanofabrication Techniques. 105 Table 8. Nanoelectronics Areas. 110 Table 9. Areas of Nanobiotechnology. 114 Table 10. Areas of Nanochemistry. 119 Table 11. Areas of Nanophotonics. 124 Table 12. Market Challenges in Nanotechnology. 129 Table 13. Market summary for carbon nanofibers- Selling grade particle diameter, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 131 Table 14. Synthesis Methods for Carbon Nanofibers. 133 Table 15. Applications of carbon nanofibers. 133 Table 16. Global market for carbon nanofibers by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 134 Table 17. Global market for carbon nanofibers by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 135 Table 18. Global market for carbon nanofibers by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 136 Table 19. Carbon Nanofibers producers. 136 Table 20. Market overview for fullerenes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 142 Table 21. Types of fullerenes and applications. 142 Table 22. Products incorporating fullerenes. 143 Table 23. Markets, benefits and applications of fullerenes. 144 Table 24. Global market for fullerenes by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 145 Table 25. Global market for fullerenes by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 146 Table 26. Global market for fullerenes by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 147 Table 27. Fullerene producers and suppliers. 148 Table 28. Market overview for graphene-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 151 Table 29. Properties of graphene. 152 Table 30. Markets, benefits and applications of graphene. 153 Table 31. Products incorporating graphene. 162 Table 32. Main graphene producers by country, annual production capacities, types and main markets they sell into. 164 Table 33. Global market for graphene by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 166 Table 34. Global market for graphene by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 167 Table 35. Global market for graphene by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 168 Table 36. Graphene producers and suppliers. 169 Table 37. Market overview for multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 179 Table 38. Properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and comparable materials. 179 Table 39. Markets, benefits and applications of multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT). 180 Table 40. Global market for MWCNTs by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 184 Table 41. Global market for MWCNTs by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 185 Table 42. Global market for MWCNTs by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 186 Table 43. Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) producers and suppliers. 187 Table 44. Market summary for nanodiamonds-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 194 Table 45. Properties of nanodiamonds. 196 Table 46. Markets, benefits and applications of nanodiamonds. 197 Table 47. Global market for nanodiamonds by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 200 Table 48. Global market for nanodiamonds by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 201 Table 49. Global market for nanodiamonds by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 202 Table 50. Production methods, by main ND producers. 203 Table 51. Nanodiamond producers and suppliers. 204 Table 52. Market overview for single-walled carbon nanotubes-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 207 Table 53. Properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes. 208 Table 54. Typical properties of SWCNT and MWCNT. 209 Table 55. Markets, benefits and applications of single-walled Carbon Nanotubes. 210 Table 56. Annual production capacity of the key SWCNT producers, 212 Table 57. Global market for SWCNTs by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 212 Table 58. Global market for SWCNTs by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 213 Table 59. Global market for SWCNTs by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 214 Table 60. SWCNT producers. 215 Table 61. Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs. 218 Table 62. Advantages and disadvantages of methods for preparing GQDs. 221 Table 63. Applications of graphene quantum dots. 222 Table 64. Global market for graphene quantum dots by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 224 Table 65. Global market for graphene quantum dots by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 225 Table 66. Global market for graphene quantum dots by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 226 Table 67. Graphene quantum dots companies. 227 Table 68. Market overview for aluminium oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 229 Table 69. Markets, benefits and applications of aluminium oxide nanoparticles. 231 Table 70. Global market for aluminium oxide nanoparticles by end use market -2036, (tonnes). 232 Table 71. Global market for aluminium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 233 Table 72. Global market for aluminium oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 234 Table 73. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles producer profiles. 235 Table 74. Market summary for antimony tin oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 238 Table 75. Markets, benefits and applications of antimony tin oxide nanoparticles 238 Table 76. Global market for Antimony Tin Oxide Nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 240 Table 77. Global market for Antimony Tin Oxide Nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 240 Table 78. Global market for Antimony Tin Oxide Nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 241 Table 79. Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders producers and suppliers. 242 Table 80. Market overview bismuth oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 244 Table 81. Markets, benefits and applications of bismuth oxide nanoparticles. 244 Table 82. Global market for bismuth oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 246 Table 83. Global market for bismuth oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 247 Table 84. Global market for bismuth oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 248 Table 85. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders producers and suppliers. 249 Table 86. Market overview for cerium oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 251 Table 87. Markets, benefits and applications of cerium oxide nanoparticles. 252 Table 88. Global market for cerium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 254 Table 89. Global market for cerium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 255 Table 90. Global market for cerium oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 256 Table 91. Cerium oxide nanoparticles and nanopowders producers and suppliers. 257 Table 92. Market overview for cobalt oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 259 Table 93. Markets, benefits and applications of cobalt oxide nanoparticles. 259 Table 94. Global market for cobalt oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 261 Table 95. Global market for cobalt oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 261 Table 96. Global market for cobalt oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 262 Table 97. Market overview for copper oxide nanoparticles -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 264 Table 98. Markets, benefits and applications of copper oxide nanoparticles. 264 Table 99. Global market for copper oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 266 Table 100. Global market for copper oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 267 Table 101. Global market for copper oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 268 Table 102. Copper and copper oxide nanoparticles and nanopowders producers and suppliers. 269 Table 103. Market overview for gold nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications 271 Table 104. Markets, benefits and applications of gold nanoparticles. 271 Table 105. Global market for gold nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 273 Table 106. Global market for gold nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 274 Table 107. Global market for gold nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 275 Table 108. Gold nanoparticle producers and suppliers. 276 Table 109. Market overview for iron oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 279 Table 110. Markets, benefits and applications of iron oxide nanoparticles. 280 Table 111. Global market for iron oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 281 Table 112. Global market for iron oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 282 Table 113. Global market for iron oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 283 Table 114. Iron oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers. 284 Table 115. Market overview for magnesium oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, market estimates, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 288 Table 116. Markets, benefits and applications of magnesium oxide nanoparticles. 288 Table 117. Global market for magnesium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 290 Table 118. Global market for magnesium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 291 Table 119. Global market for magnesium oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 291 Table 120. Magnesium oxid nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers. 292 Table 121. Market overview for manganese oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 295 Table 122. Markets, benefits and applications of manganese oxide nanoparticles. 295 Table 123. Global market for manganese oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 296 Table 124. Global market for manganese oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 297 Table 125. Global market for manganese oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 298 Table 126. Manganese oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers. 299 Table 127. Market overview for nickel nanoparticles -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 300 Table 128. Markets, benefits and applications of nickel nanoparticles. 300 Table 129. Global market for nickel nanoparticles end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 301 Table 130. Global market for nickel nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 302 Table 131. Global market for nickel nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 303 Table 132. Nickel nanoparticle/nanopowders producers and suppliers. 304 Table 133. Market overview for silicon oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 306 Table 134. Markets, benefits and applications of silicon oxide nanoparticles. 307 Table 135. Global market for silicon oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 308 Table 136. Global market for silicon oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 309 Table 137. Global market for silicon oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 310 Table 138. Silicon oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders producers and suppliers. 311 Table 139. Market overview for silver nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 315 Table 140. Markets, benefits and applications of Silver nanoparticles. 316 Table 141. Global market for Silver nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 318 Table 142. Global market for Silver nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 319 Table 143. Global market for Silver nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 319 Table 144. Silver nanoparticles producers. 320 Table 145. Market overview for titanium dioxide nanoparticles -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 323 Table 146. Markets, benefits and applications of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. 324 Table 147. Global market for Titanium dioxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 325 Table 148. Global market for Titanium dioxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 326 Table 149. Global market for Titanium dioxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 327 Table 150. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles producers and suppliers. 328 Table 151. Market overview for zinc oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 330 Table 152. Markets and applications for zinc oxide nanoparticles. 331 Table 153. Main Zinc oxide nanoparticles-Suppliers, products, primary particle size. 332 Table 154. Global market for zinc oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 334 Table 155. Global market for zinc oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (Million USD). 335 Table 156. Global market for zinc oxide nanoparticles, by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 336 Table 157. Zinc oxide nanoparticle/nanopowder producers and suppliers, 336 Table 158. Market overview for zirconium oxide nanoparticles-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 339 Table 159. Markets, benefits and applications of zirconium oxide nanoparticles. 339 Table 160. Global market for zirconium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 341 Table 161. Global market for zirconium oxide nanoparticles by end use market 2022-2036, (millions USD). 342 Table 162. Global market for zirconium oxide nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 343 Table 163. Zirconium oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders producers and suppliers. 344 Table 164. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 347 Table 165. Properties of nanocellulose, by type. 348 Table 166. Markets and applications of cellulose nanofibers. 348 Table 167. Cellulose nanofibers-based commercial products. 350 Table 168. Cellulose nanofibers production capacities and production process, by producer. 352 Table 169. Global market for cellulose nanofibers by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 353 Table 170. Global market for cellulose nanofibers by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 354 Table 171. Global market for cellulose nanofibers by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 355 Table 172. Cellulose nanofiber producers. 356 Table 173. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). 363 Table 174. CNC sources, size and yield. 364 Table 175. CNC properties. 365 Table 176. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials. 365 Table 177. Market overview for cellulose nanocrystals-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 366 Table 178. Applications of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). 366 Table 179. Global market for cellulose nanocrystals by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 368 Table 180. Global market for cellulose nanocrystals by end use market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 369 Table 181. Global market for cellulose nanocrystals by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 370 Table 182: Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer. 371 Table 183. Cellulose nanocrystal producers. 371 Table 184. Market summary for bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). 375 Table 185. Applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). 375 Table 186. Global market for bacterial nanocellulose by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 376 Table 187. Global market for bacterial nanocellulose by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 377 Table 188. Global market for bacterial nanocellulose by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 378 Table 189. Bacterial nanocellulose producers. 379 Table 190. Production of lignin nanoparticles. 381 Table 191. Markets and applications for lignin nanoparticles. 381 Table 192. Global market for lignin nanoparticles by market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 382 Table 193. Global market for lignin nanoparticles by market 2022-2036, (Millions USD). 383 Table 194. Global market for lignin nanoparticles by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 384 Table 195. Market overview for dendrimers -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 385 Table 196. Types of dendrimer. 386 Table 197. Markets, benefits and applications of dendrimers. 387 Table 198. Global market for dendrimers by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 389 Table 199. Global market for dendrimers by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 390 Table 200. Global market for dendrimers by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 390 Table 201. Dendrimers producers. 391 Table 202. Market overview for nanoclays -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 393 Table 203. Markets, benefits and applications of nanoclays. 394 Table 204. Global market for nanoclays by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 395 Table 205. Global market for nanoclays by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 396 Table 206. Global market for nanoclays by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 397 Table 207. Main nanoclays producers and products. 398 Table 208. Market summary for polymer nanofibers- Selling grade particle diameter, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 401 Table 209. Nanofibers types, properties and applications. 402 Table 210. Electrospinning instrument manufacturers. 404 Table 211. Applications of polymer, alumina, carbon and other nanofibers. 409 Table 212. Global market for polymer nanofibers by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 410 Table 213. Global market for polymer nanofibers by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 411 Table 214. Global market for polymer nanofibers by region 2022-2036, (tonnes). 412 Table 215. Nanofibers producers. 413 Table 216. Market overview for quantum dots -Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, high volume applications, low volume applications and novel applications. 419 Table 217. Markets, benefits and applications of quantum dots. 420 Table 218. Quantum dot display products. 422 Table 219. Global market for quantum dots by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 423 Table 220. Global market for quantum dots by end use market 2022-2036, (Million US$). 424 Table 221. Global market for quantum dots by end use market 2022-2036, (tonnes). 425 Table 222. Quantum dot producers and suppliers. 426 Table 223. Quantum dot producers and suppliers. 429 Table 224. Comparative properties of BNNTs and CNTs. 433 Table 225. Applications of BNNTs. 434 Table 226. Boron nitride nanotubes producers. 434 Table 227. Erbium oxide nanoparticles/nanopowders-Properties, applications, prices and producers. 435 Table 228. Indium oxide nanoparticles-Properties, applications, prices and producers. 435 Table 229. Molybdenum nanoparticles-Properties, applications, prices and producers. 436 Table 230. Comparative properties of conventional QDs and Perovskite QDs. 438 Table 231. Applications of perovskite QDs. 438 Table 232. Development roadmap for perovskite QDs. 439 Table 233. Properties of perovskite QLEDs comparative to OLED and QLED. 440 Table 234. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in displays. 441 Table 235. Applications in displays, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 443 Table 236. Global revenues for nanotechnology in displays, 2022-2036 (Millions USD). 445 Table 237: Nanotechnology product developers in displays. 446 Table 238. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in transistors, integrated circuits, EMI shielding and other components. 452 Table 239. Applications in transistors, integrated circuits and other components, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 453 Table 240. Global revenues for nanotechnology in transistors, integrated circuits and other components, 2022-2036 (Millions USD). 454 Table 241. Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials-based product developers in transistors, integrated circuits and other components. 455 Table 242. Market drivers for nanotechnology in memory and storage devices. 458 Table 243. Applications in memory devices and benefits thereof. 459 Table 244. Global revenues for nanotechnology in memory devices, 2022-2036 (Millions USD). 460 Table 245: Nanotechnology product developers in memory devices. 461 Table 246. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in electronics coatings. 462 Table 247. Nanocoatings applied in the consumer electronics industry. 463 Table 248. Global revenues for nanotechnology in electronics coatings, 2022-2036 (Millions USD): 465 Table 249. Nanotechnology product developers in electronics coatings. 466 Table 250. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in photonics. 468 Table 251. Applications in photonics, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 469 Table 252: Graphene properties relevant to application in optical modulators. 471 Table 253. Global revenues for nanotechnology in photonics, 2022-2036. 473 Table 254. Nanotechnology product developers in photonics. 474 Table 255. Market drivers for nanotechnology in batteries. 476 Table 256. Market overview for nanotechnology in batteries. 477 Table 257. Applications in LIB, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 479 Table 258. Applications in Li-S batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 483 Table 259. Applications in sodium-ion batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 483 Table 260. Applications in lithium-air batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 484 Table 261. Applications in magesium batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 484 Table 262. Market assessment for nanotechnology in batteries. 485 Table 263. Global revenues for nanotechnology in batteries, 2022-2036, millions USD. 487 Table 264. Nanotechnology product developers in batteries. 488 Table 265. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in fuel cells and hydrogen storage. 499 Table 266. Applications in fuel cells. 501 Table 267. Applications hydrogen storage, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 502 Table 268. Global revenues for nanotechnology in fuel cells, 2022-2036, millions USD. 503 Table 269. Nanotechnology product developers in fuel cells and hydrogen storage. 504 Table 270. Market drivers for nanotechnology in supercapacitors. 505 Table 271. Applications in supercapacitors. 507 Table 272. Global revenues for nanotechnology in supercapacitors, 2022-2036, millions USD. 508 Table 273. Nanotechnology product developers in supercapacitors. 509 Table 274. Market assessment for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in aerospace and aviation. 511 Table 275. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in aerospace and aviation. 512 Table 276. Market overview for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in aerospace and aviation. 513 Table 277. Applications in aerospace composites, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 514 Table 278. Types of nanocoatings utilized in aerospace and application. 516 Table 279. Applications in aerospace coatings, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 518 Table 280. Global revenues for nanotechnology in aerospace and aviation, 2022-2036, millions USD. 519 Table 281. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials application and product developers in the aerospace and aviation industry. 519 Table 282. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in automotive. 525 Table 283. Market overview for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in automotive. 527 Table 284. Applications in automotive composites, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 528 Table 285. Nanocoatings applied in the automotive industry. 530 Table 286: Applications in automotive tires, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 532 Table 287. Market assessment for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in automotive. 534 Table 288. Global revenues for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in automotive, 2022-2036, millions USD. 536 Table 289. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials product developers in the automotive industry. 537 Table 290. Market drivers for nanomaterials-based products in medical biosensors. 546 Table 291. Applications in medical biosensors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 548 Table 292. Global revenues for nanotechnology in medical biosensors, 2022-2036, millions USD. 549 Table 293. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials product developers in medical biosensors. 550 Table 294. Market drivers for nanomaterials-based products in drug formulation and delivery. 552 Table 295. Types of Nanocarriers. 553 Table 296. Applications in drug formulation and delivery, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 554 Table 297. Types of nanoparticles and products thereof. 557 Table 298. Nanotechnology drug products. 558 Table 299. List of antigens delivered by using different nanocarriers. 561 Table 300. Global revenues for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in drug delivery, 2022-2036, millions USD. 563 Table 301. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials productsdevelopers in drug formulation and delivery. 563 Table 302. Market drivers for Nanotechnology and nanomaterials-based products in imaging and diagnostics. 571 Table 303: Applications in medical imaging and diagnostics, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 572 Table 304. Global revenues for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in imaging and diagnostics, 2022-2036, millions USD. 576 Table 305. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials product developers in medical imaging and diagnositcs 577 Table 306. Market drivers for nanomaterials-based products in medical coatings and films. 582 Table 307. Nanocoatings applied in the medical industry-type of coating, nanomaterials utilized, benefits and applications. 584 Table 308. Nanomaterials utilized in medical coatings and films coatings-benefits and applications. 585 Table 309. Global revenues for nanotechnology in medical coatings, 2022-2036, millions USD. 588 Table 310: Nanomaterials-based products developers in medical coatings and films. 589 Table 311: Market drivers for nanomaterials-based products in medical implants. 593 Table 312. Applications in medical implants and devices, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 595 Table 313. Global revenues for nanomaterials in medical implants 2022-2036, millions USD. 596 Table 314: Nanotechnology and nanomaterials product developers in medical implants and devices. 597 Table 315. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in wound care. 599 Table 316. Applications in wound care, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 600 Table 317. Medical wound care products. 601 Table 318. Global revenues for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in wound care, 2022-2036, millions USD. 601 Table 319: Nanomaterials-based products and application developers in wound care. 602 Table 320. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials-based products in dental. 604 Table 321: Applications in dental, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 604 Table 322. Global revenues for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in dental, 2022-2036, millions USD. 605 Table 323. Nanomaterials-based product developers in dental. 606 Table 324. Market drivers in nanocoatings. 607 Table 325. Market overview for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in coatings and paints. 609 Table 326. Properties of nanocoatings. 610 Table 327. End user markets for nanocoatings. 611 Table 328. Global revenues for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in coatings and paints, 2022-2036, millions USD. 614 Table 329. Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings companies. 615 Table 330. Anti-bacterial nanocoatings companies. 618 Table 331. Anti-corrosion nanocoatings coatings. 620 Table 332. Abrasion and wear resistant nanocoatings companies. 622 Table 333. Barrier nanocoatings companies. 624 Table 334. Anti-fogging nanocoatings companies. 625 Table 335. Anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings companies. 627 Table 336. Self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings companies. 628 Table 337. Self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings companies. 629 Table 338. UV-resistant nanocoatings companies. 631 Table 339. Thermal barrier and flame retardant nanocoatings companies. 632 Table 340. Anti-icing and de-icing nanocoatings companies. 632 Table 341. Anti-reflective nanocoatings companies. 634 Table 342. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in composites. 637 Table 343. Market overview for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in composites. 638 Table 344. Applications in polymer composites, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 640 Table 345. Applications in thermal management composites, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 643 Table 346. Applications in ESD and EMI shielding composites, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 644 Table 347. Applications in flame retardants, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 644 Table 348. Market assessment for nanotechnology in composites. 646 Table 349. Global revenues for nanocomposites, 2022-2036, millions USD. 650 Table 350. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials-based application and product developers in composites. 651 Table 351. Comparative properties of conductive inks. 659 Table 352. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in conductive inks. 660 Table 353. Market overview for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in conductive inks. 661 Table 354. Applications in conductive inks by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 661 Table 355. Market assessment for nanomaterials in conductive inks. 664 Table 356. Global revenues for nanomaterials in conductive inks, 2022-2036, millions USD. 666 Table 357. Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials-based application and product developers in conductive inks. 667 Table 358. Market drivers for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in construction. 670 Table 359. Market overview for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in construction, building protection and architectural coatings. 671 Table 360. Applications in insulation and heating, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 672 Table 361. Nanotechnology product developers in insulation. 672 Table 362. Applications in exterior coatings by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 673 Table 363: Nanomaterials-based product developers in exterior coatings. 674 Table 364. Applications in smart windows by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof. 678 Table 365. Nanomaterials-based product developers in smart windows and glass products. 678 [truncated - exceeds Excel cell limit]

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